Planning for the child with mentally challenged is very necessary. It is very important to plan for his /her educational needs and not ignore the special inputs required, at various levels of development.
Assessment Steps
Initial Identification.
Definition of evaluation of current performance level and educational needs.
Decision about classification and program placement.
Development of Individual Education/Training Program (IEP/ITP)
Definition and Selection of Teaching Procedure and strategies.
Approach to Assessment.
NPT Norm Performance Test is standardized measure that allows comparison of the subject performance to that of normal or average group.
CRT Criterion Reference Test is concerned with whether a child performs skills and as per the criteria set or not.
Observation.
Interview
Assessment Tools
Popularly used tools in India
Madras development programming system. MDPS
Behavioral assessment scale for Indian Children with MR (Basic MR)
Functional Assessment Check List for Programming (FACP)
The portage guide to early education.
Upanayan program for developmental training.
Grade level assessment device (GLAD)
Interdisciplinary Team : Effective Special Education Programming of Services
Clinical Psychologist
Educational Psychologist Audiologist
Speech Pathologist and Audiologist
Physiotherapist
Occupational Therapist
Special Educator
Social worker
Psychiatrist
Paediatrician
Vocational Consultants etc.
Teaching Principles
Simple to Complex
Known to Unknown
Concrete to Abstract
Whole to Part
States of Learning
Acquisition Maintenance
Over learning
Distributed practice
Generalization
Instructional consideration.
Alternate Activities |
Nutrition |
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Changing Activities |
Pantomised Instruction |
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Consistency |
Past Experience |
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Developmental Behavior |
Peer tutoring |
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Goal Planning |
Promption (Assistance) |
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Imitiation |
Practice |
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Individualized instruction |
Reverse programming |
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Instructional grouping |
Role play |
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Instructional Programming |
Routine in learning |
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Life long skill sequence |
Seasonal festivities |
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Model demonstration |
Skill demonstration |
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Music |
Teaching Environment |
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Theatre |
Useful skills |
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Dance |
Understanding Objectives |
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Sports |
Visual self monitoring |
Method
The Montessori Method or Auto Education/Self Education
Project Method
Playway Method
VAKT Visual, Auditory, Kinestatic and Tackle approach
Eclectic
Strategies of Teaching
Task Analysis
Shaping
Changing of sub task
Prompting assistance and Fading
Reinforcements
Modeling - Buddy systems
Errorless discrimination in learning
Principles of Curriculum Development
Goal oriented
Age appropriate
Need based
Level appropriator
Up to date
Creative
Integrated
Comprehension
Type of Curriculum
Developmental
Ecological
Functional
Eclectic
Approaches to Curriculum Development
CCC Child Centered Curriculum
ACC Activity Centered Curriculum
HC- Holistic Curriculum
